Essay about Many Causes of Cancer - 948 Words

Causes of Cancer Cancer is a non-inflammatory disease, which can be defined as abnormal cell divisions and growth in a specific part of the living body. There are many different types of cancer, which are classified and named according to the type of affected cells. In normal cases, each cell has controllable limited growth and divisions in addition to limited life span. When this life span completed, the cell will die. In cancer cell (abnormal cell), the cell growth become out of control with unlimited divisions, and this cell does not die. The continuous abnormal division of cancerous cell will form cancer mass. The cancerous cell can invade the neighbor cells or tissues in the body, or can transfer through the blood vessels or the†¦show more content†¦The inheritance of gene defects increases the chance of cancer formation in the future. 2. The Age There is a positive relationship between age and cancer formation. The old people are more susceptible to have cancer than the young people because they have weak immune systems, and they also have been exposing to cancer-causing agents more than the young people and children. Although the age and cancer are positively related, it is not necessarily that each old person will have cancer. 3. Life styles and bad habits There are many factors that could be included in bad life styles and habits, and may cause cancer. The most harmful agents are tobacco and alcohol. There is no doubt that tobacco-smoking and alcohol-drinking people may have cancer during their life. Some specific cancer types are mostly related to tobacco and alcohol consumption (such as mouth, esophagus, stomach, lung, liver, and kidney cancer), but this doesn’t mean that tobacco and alcohol cause just these types of cancer, or these types of cancer occur as a result of the consumption of these materials. Obesity and exercises are another risk factors that may lead to cancer. People who are obese or do not exercise become more susceptible to cancer because these factors can affect the immune and the endocrine systems. 4. Infections with some viruses and bacteria Some specific types of viruses and bacteria are associated with specific types ofShow MoreRelated lung cancer Essay1459 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Lung cancer is the most common cancer-related cause of death among men and women. Lung cancer can be undetected for many years causing it to become more dangerous and possibly fatal. There is not cure for lung cancer or any cancer, but if detected in an early stage the lung cancer can be detected, treated, and hopefully terminated. There are many new and developing treatments being tested now that may save lives in the future. Through understanding what the lung cancer is, doctors canRead Morelung cancer927 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Lung Cancer By Brayan Almora and Hector Aparicio Pedroza Ms. Powell, 7th Language Arts Problem – Solution Paper May 15, 2014 Lung Cancer Causes and Treatments Lung cancer is defined as abnormal cell tissue that forms in tissues of the lungs. It is estimated that there are 224,210 new cases every year, while the estimated deaths are numbered at 159,260 per year . There are several options of treatment and are as follows: Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation TherapyRead MoreThe Bare Bones Of Cancer1082 Words   |  5 PagesBare Bones of Cancer A silent killer of today is cancer; there are many different forms of cancer. For each different style of cancer, there are many unanswered questions about cancer, even if most of them are currently unknown to us. Cancer is a debilitating and often fatal disease, but thanks to current medical research, knowing the causes, recognizing the symptoms, and planning the treatments have become much easier. There is not one known direct cause to developing bone cancer. However, scientistsRead MoreWhat Causes Lung Cancer?1587 Words   |  7 Pages What Causes Lung Cancer besides Smoking Many of us believe that cigarettes are main causes of Lung cancer however lung cancer can be caused by exposure to asbestos, high levels of air pollution, high levels of arsenic in drinking water, Radiation therapy to the lungs, Radon gas (radioactive gas) or Family history of lung cancer. Lung cancers it can also affect non-smokers (Secondhand smoke) as result of breathing .Every year, more people die of lung cancer than any other types of cancer such asRead MoreStress And Cancer : Causes, Treatment, And Role Of Lifestyle Plays Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesStress and Cancer Disorder; Causes, Treatment, and Role of lifestyle plays Background information Stress does not produce cancer, but it decreases or weaken the immune system, then a person not able to control or fight cancer disease. Cancer increases many psychological difficulties for the client’s family member, physicians, and other groups of the cancer care team. For example; parents of a child that diagnosed with cancer is very stressful than compared, who not diagnosed with cancer. ParentsRead MoreEssay about Cancer1518 Words   |  7 PagesCancer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Right now, cancer is one of the most feared diseases in the world. In the early 1990s almost 6 million new cancer cases developed and more than 4 million deaths from cancers occurred. Also more than one-fifth of all deaths were caused by cancer and it has been predicted, by the American Cancer Society, that about 33% of Americans will eventually develop this disease. This is a huge disease that is killing people all over the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The field of cancer study is called OncologyRead MoreCancer And Its Effects On Cancer876 Words   |  4 PagesCancer is a topic that many don’t like to talk about because of its dark association with death. However it is important to be educated on what cancer exactly is and where it comes from. First off, there are many types of cancer that can occur in all areas of the body. The craziest fact is that all cancers start off with the mutation of just one single cell. We have millions of cells in our body and just once mutated cell can change someone’s life or even end it. Many people will say â€Å"this cancerRead MoreLung Cancer : What Causes It?1420 Words   |  6 PagesLung cancer is any type of cancer that begins in the lungs, although it is still considered lung cancer after it spreads to other parts of the body. Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the U.S. and worldwide. Forty percent of people will be diagnosed with lung cance r within their life span. Lung cancer, as with all cancers, is very complex, so the best way to comprehend it is to break it down into easily analyzed topics. The first topic that must be analyzed is cancer as a whole-whatRead MoreCancer : A Leading Cause Death Worldwide859 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 8.2 million deaths in 2012 (1)† (WHO, 2014). The number of people diagnosed with cancer continues to grow, and for many this should be alarming. â€Å"About 1, 6660,290 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed in 2013, and in 2013 about 580,350 Americans are projected to die of cancer, almost 1,600 people a day. Cancer remains the second most common cause of death in the US accounting for nearly 1 of every 4 deaths† (Cancer FactsRead MoreThroat Cancer Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pagesare 60,000 new cases of throat cancer reported a year. My family is part of that statistic. Four years ago, my great-grandfather, Juan, was diagnosed with throat cancer. Unlike the normal prognosis, he passed away just 5 months after he was diagnosed. Throat cancer is defined as a disease where malignant cells form in the tissues of the pharynx. Throat cancer is also known as pharyngeal cancer. There are different sections that can be affected by throat cancer; these sections include laryngeal

Sexual Purity a Call to Holiness - 4448 Words

Sexual Purity: A Call to Holiness INTRODUCTION The world in which Christians live today is very similar to the world that Paul taught, lived, and traveled in. Christians are surrounded by and struggle with the issue of sexual purity that believers struggled with in Paul’s day. Sexual immorality is a result of a much larger problem: the refusal of God’s call to be holy. The pagan Gentiles during the New Testament had a skewed picture of moral issues, including sexuality. F. F. Bruce provides a unique look into Greek culture and morality when he quotes Demosthenes who lived during this time period: â€Å"We keep mistresses for pleasure, concubines for our day-today bodily needs, but we have wives to produce legitimate children and serve as†¦show more content†¦4:7 For God did not call us for the purpose of impurity but to holiness. 4:8 For that very reason then, the one who rejects this is not rejecting man but God, who gives his Holy Spirit to be put in you. GR AMMATICAL, SYNTACTICAL, THEOLOGICAL COMMENTARY 4:3 Verse three begins with the emphatic position of the near demonstrative pronoun ÃŽ ¤ÃŽ ¿Ã¡ ¿ ¦Ãâ€žÃŽ ¿ which acts as the subject of the clause and is a reference to the noun in apposition á ¼ ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ±ÃÆ' µÃ¡ ½ ¸Ãâ€š. Gordon Fee makes a crucial point that ÃŽ ¤ÃŽ ¿Ã¡ ¿ ¦Ãâ€žÃŽ ¿ is â€Å"defined by a series of appositives, each one becoming more case specific† as Paul’s discourse continues.4 Although ÃŽ ¤ÃŽ ¿Ã¡ ¿ ¦Ãâ€žÃŽ ¿ is written first in Greek, the explanatory conjunction ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ¬Ã  is translated first, â€Å"For this,† in order to communicate the anaphoric use of the conjunction in reference to Paul’s statements in 4:2. The 3 4 Chart created from information in Gordon Fee’s, NICNT, 142-143. Gordon Fee, NICNT, 144. 3 following phrase ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ­ÃŽ »ÃŽ ·Ã‚ µÃŽ ± Ï„Î ¿Ã¡ ¿ ¦ ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ µÃŽ ¿Ã¡ ¿ ¦ (â€Å"God’s will†) functions as the predicate nominative; which is suggested by 5:18, where this phrase is used again (á ¼ ÃÆ'Ï„Î ¹ÃŽ ½ is understood in the context).5 ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ­ÃŽ »ÃŽ ·Ã‚ µÃŽ ± remains anarthrous in both verse references (4:3; 5:18) and the omission of the article followed by the subjective genitive has been a point of contention among scholars. F. F. Bruce suggests the article was absorbed by the emphatic ÃŽ ¤ÃŽ ¿Ã¡ ¿ ¦Ãâ€žÃŽ ¿ in which the clause began. Other scholars,Show MoreRelatedSummary Of The Lord Jesus 2777 Words   |  12 Pagesthat you become holy, that you keep away from sexual immorality, 4  that each of you know how to possess his own body in holiness and honor, 5  not in lustful passion like the Gentiles who do not know God. 6  In this matter no one should violate the rights of his brother or take advantage of him, because the Lord is the avenger in all these cases, as we also told you earlier and warned you solemnly. 7  For God did not call us to impurity but in holiness. 8  Consequently the one who rejects this is notRead MoreThe Book of Leviticus: An Overview1693 Words   |  7 Pagesthe tasks of priests, the sexual, the calendar of the liturgy, the dietary as well as, the economic practices the Israelites were practicing not forgetting the ritual and the moral holiness. The book of Leviticus manages to offer the children of the Israel, an instruction of how one can live to become part of Christ, people who are ever holy, be holy, for I the LORD your God am holy (19:2). In short, Leviticus offers the vision of being holy to God as it also issues a call to a living that is holyRead More Measure for Measure Essay: Immorality and Corruption1576 Words   |  7 PagesPompey, Mistress Overdone, and Barnadine.   Through all this, Shakespeare uses Lord Angelo in Measure for Measure to show that immorality and corruption is innate in mankind. It is worth noting that Lord Angelos name evokes an image of purity and holiness.   Names are given at birth, and the idea that he is called angelic from the start, would argue against this doctrine of innate depravity.   But, as Shakespeare argues, its a name that cant be lived up to because of natural passions and lustsRead More Measure for Measure Essay: Lord Angelos Hypocrisy1514 Words   |  7 Pagesuses Lord Angelo in Measure for Measure to show that corruption is innate within mankind whilst Angelo is a symbolism for pharisaical fanaticism in the play.       Its interesting to note that Lord Angelos name evokes an image of purity and holiness.   Names are given at birth, and the idea that he is called angelic from the start, would argue against this doctrine of innate depravity.   But, as Shakespeare argues, its a name that cant be lived up to because of natural passions and lustsRead MoreThe Revelation Of The New Testament971 Words   |  4 PagesThis sanctified â€Å"Divine Encounter† establishes a connection within a realm of total purity and grace. Noticeably, Philip mentions again that one’s Divine partnership resides beyond one’s earthly-fleshly one; impressing that one’s spiritual, sexual essences with the Divine occur as one’s true ultimate prize in life and afterwards into eternity as the New Testament states in Revelation 21:1-3. Even through, the direct expression of ‘bridal chamber’ is none existent in the Bible; however, the referenceRead MoreEssay On Sexuality In Bram Stokers Dracula2371 Words   |  10 PagesVoluptuous Sexuality Although in modern times people are exposed to sexuality from a young age through advertisements, media, and pop culture, during the Victorian era in England, the only acceptable exploration of repressed sexual desire was through a book that upholds the Christian belief of sexuality’s corruptive effects on society. In Bram Stoker’s Dracula, a gothic, horror novel, Dracula, a vampire from Transylvania, preys on Mina Harker, a devoted Christian and intelligent woman, and Lucy WestenraRead MoreTheology of the Body32011 Words   |  129 Pagesmain sections, others six. I think the most logical way to do so is to break it down into seven interrelated sections: 1) The Original Unity of Man and Woman as found in the Book of Genesis †¢ 23 catecheses from September 5, 1979-April 9, 1980 2) Purity of Heart versus Concupiscence: Catechesis on the Sermon on the Mount †¢ 27 catecheses from April 16 to December 10, 1980 3) St. Paul’s Teaching on the Human Body: Life according to the Spirit †¢ 13 catechesis from December 17, 1980 to May 6, 1981 Read MoreMy Perspectives on Human Sexuality1632 Words   |  7 Pagescomprehensive look at the results of the life experiences that have molded and shaped my sexual perspectives. I have had several different things that have happened to shape my thoughts and actions inn my sexual life. Yet now that I have taken this course I have gained a new found understanding for the reactions that were part of my life. The value system that I was raised under was very strict. I was brought up in a Holiness religion, where we were not allowed to do several of the things that others wereRead MoreThe Church Of The Nazarene1482 Words   |  6 Pagesentire sanctification, and the continued perfecting work of the Holy Spirit culminating in glorification.† Our manual explains that the Spirit does not only connect individuals to the Lord, but it also calls individuals together in the fellowship of the Spirit to form local churches. â€Å"God calls the Church to express its life in the unity and fellowship of the Spirit; in worship through the preaching of the Word, observance of the sacraments, and ministry in His name; by obedience to Christ, holyRead MoreThe Hippocratic Oath, By Atul Gawande1344 Words   |  6 Pagescontributing to the wellbeing of patients, ignoring the various personal effects of ego, sexual interest and human tendency to gossip. Doctors must be able to admit to inability in order to make sound judgements. This would mean diagnosis to the best of their ability, and nothing beyond their ability: â€Å"I will apply dietetic measures for the benefit of the sick according to my ability and judgment (Hippocrates). The oath calls on doctors not to abuse their societal power or fall prey to their desires: â€Å"I will

Flyrock Tires Free Essays

Six Sigma Quality at Flyrock Tires Executive Summary The process of creating tires at Flyrock Tires involves 20 different steps to take the rubber from bales to final curing. Given this complexity and the high production volume (the factory produces about 10,000 tires per hour), it takes only a small margin of error in each of these steps to begin to compound and result in a high defective rate. For both public safety and their reputation, Flyrock strives to minimize the number of defects. We will write a custom essay sample on Flyrock Tires or any similar topic only for you Order Now The answers to the questions asked by this case form a good base for evaluating the production and extrusion process at Flyrock. The company begins by setting expectations for what defect rates should be under ideal conditions as well as setting expectations for defect rates when machinery has become worn out. This allows them to detect things like worn bearings in machinery. The case also begins the framework for evaluating the process from a six-sigma perspective and how this might help control defects. Under ideal conditions, the extruder should produce tires that meet specifications 98. 67% of the time, meaning only 1. 33% of tires are defective. When the bearing is worn out, the defect rate increases three-fold to 4. 7%. This means that more than one in twenty-five tire sheets is defective. If testing samples of ten sheets per hour, the machine operators could expect to find a defective every two and a half hours. In testing whether the extrusion process is in control or not, the three sigma control limits recommended by Susan Douglas will narrow the bandwidth of acceptable tires from 400  ± 10 thou to 400  ± 3. 795 thou. By implementing a stricter six-sigma system and decreasing the standard deviation, the likelihood of producing tires within acceptable levels of thickness increases to 100%. This becomes a near-perfect process. With this information, Susan Douglas should now take appropriate steps to count the actual number of defects that occur from the extrusion process. Having that will allow her to analyze if the process is actually in control, using various control charts. Using that, she will be able to adjust the process as needed to reduce the number of defective tires, improve quality and efficiency, and ultimately reduce costs for Flyrock. Question 1 The mean, confidence intervals, and standard deviation are provided to us. Mean ( µ) = 400 thou Confidence interval =  ± 10 thou Standard deviation (? ) = 4 thou This question is a simple normal probability distribution problem. It can be restated as: What is the probability that rubber sent through the extruder will be between 390 thou and 410 thou in thickness? P(390 ? x ? 410) We first need to find the z value for each boundary then find the corresponding probability in the normal distribution table: z = (x –  µ)/? z = (390-400)/4 = -2. 5 z(-2. 5) = . 0062 z = (410-400)/4 = 2. 5 z(2. 5) = . 9938 P(-2. 5 ? z ? 2. 5) = . 9938 – . 0062 = . 9867 Therefore, there is a 98. 7% probability that the rubber will be extruded with the specifications. Question 2 To find the upper and lower control limits, the following formulas apply: Upper Control Limit (UCL) =  µ + z? Lower Control Limit (LCL) =  µ – z? where ? = ? /n  µ = 400 ? = 4 n = 10 z = 3 ? = 4/10 = 1. 265 UCL = 400 + 3(1. 265) = 403. 795 LCL = 400 – 3(1. 265) = 396. 205 Question 3 If a be aring is worn out, the extruder produces a mean thickness of 403 thou even though the setting is at 400. This means that  µ has shifted to 403 and the confidence level will be lower than the 98. 7% we calculated when the bearings are not worn out. We can restate the question for number 1 to ask: What is the probability that rubber sent through the extruder will be outside 390 thou and 410 thou in thickness when the mean thickness has shifted to 403 thou? Again, we need to find the z value for each boundary then find the corresponding probability in the normal distribution table: z = (x –  µ)/? z = (390-403)/4 = -3. 25 z(1. 75) = 0. 9599 z = (410-403)/4 = 1. 75 z(-3. 25) = 0. 0006 P(-3. 25z1. 75) = 0. 9599 – 0. 0006 = 0. 9593 Therefore, there is a 95. 93% probability that the rubber will be extruded with the specifications. However to find the proportion of defective sheets we must take 1-. 9593 which gives us a defective rate of 4. 07%. Assuming the three sigma control limits of 403. 795 and 396. 205, we can calculate the probability that a sample is out of control by first calculating the percentage of in control samples. z = (x –  µ)/? z = (393. 205-403)/1. 265 = -2. 5 z(-5. 37) = 0. 0000 z = (403. 795-403)/ 1. 265= 2. 5 z(. 628) = 0. 7357 P in control (0z. 7357) = 0. 7357 P Out of control = 1-. 7357 = . 2643 = 26. 43% Using the proportion of defective units we can calculate the average time it will take to discover a worn bearing. 1/. 2643 = 3. 77 hours. On average it will take an operator about 4 hours to detect that the process is out of control. Question 4 Assuming our mean is still 400, but a new standard deviation of 1. 667 based on a six-sigma process, we find the proportion of the rubber extruded that is within our specifications by calculating the probability that rubber sent through the extruder will be outside our limits: = (x –  µ)/? P(x410) = P(z410-400/1. 667) = P(z 6. 0) = 1 — based on our normal tables P(x390) = P(z390-400/1. 667) = P(z -6. 0) = 0 — based on our normal tables To then find the probability of our extruded rubber being within specifications, we subtract P(-6. 0z6. 0) = 1 – 0 = 1, meaning that 100%  of the rubber extruded is within our specifications. Question 5 Similar to question #2, to f ind the upper and lower control limits, the following formulas apply: Upper Control Limit (UCL) =  µ + z? Lower Control Limit (LCL) =  µ – z? where ? = ? /n  µ = 400 ? = 1. 667 z = 3 ? = 1. 667/10 = . 527 UCL = 400 + 3(. 527) = 401. 581 LCL = 400 – 3(. 527) = 398. 419 While these new control limits are very similar, they do narrow our range which should lead to less defects. Question 6 Assuming that we return to the case of the worn bearing in question 3 where extrusion produces a mean thickness of 403 thou even though the setting is 400 thou. , we find that the proportion of defective sheets under a six-sigma process equals 0%. P(x410) = P(z410-403/1. 67) = P(z4. 199) = 1 P(x390) = P(z390-403/1. 667) = P(z-7. 8) = 0 P(-7. 8z4. 2) = 1 – 0 = 1 Proportion of defective sheets =  Ã‚  0% Looking at the control limits in question 5 we can find the probability that a sample taken from the extruder with the worn bearings will be out of control: We begin by finding the probability of the samples being â€Å"in control†: P(In Control) = P(396. 837x403. 163) P((398 . 419-403)/0. 527x(401. 581-403)/0. 527), which equals P(-8. 69z-2. 69) = 0. 0036 We can then subtract by one to find the probability of being out of control: P(Out of Control) = 1 – 0. 0036 = 0. 9964 This tells us that based on the control limits from question #5, the probability of a defect under a six-sigma process with worn bearings is 99. 64%. Assuming that the six-sigma process produces no defects, the likelihood of the sampling each hour finding a defect is 0%. If we assume our control limits discussed previously with a worn bearing and a defect probability of 99. 64%, we would find a defect in the first hour based on a sample size of 10. How to cite Flyrock Tires, Essay examples

Parts of plants Essay Example For Students

Parts of plants Essay These are the parts Of the plant where food is made by photosynthesis. Leaves take in carbon dioxide from the air, water CFML the soil, and energy from the sunlight. During photosynthesis, the leaves use light energy to change carbon dioxide and water into food. (sugar)0 0 Flowers: These are the reproductive parts of a plant. Flower petals and the flowers smell attract insects ND bees to pollinate the flower. After pollination, the petals fall off and seeds develop in the part off flower called the ovary. The ovary itself usually becomes what we call the fruit. D Stems: These support the upper parts of plants. Water and dissolved nutrients from the soil travel up the stem in a system of tubes. Food from the leaves travels down stems to the roots. Stems also store food for the plant C Roots: These anchor plants in the soil. Water and minerals are taken from the soil through the roots, Many plants such as carrots, store food in their roots. TTL Seeds: these contain a tiny embryo of a plant inside. The seed halves contain food, which supplies energy and materials for growth until the plant grows its first leaves above the ground. ROOT In vascular plants, the root is the organ of a plant that typically lies below the surface Of the soil. However, roots can also be aerial or aerating (growing up above the ground or especially above water). Furthermore, a stem normally occurring below ground is not exceptional either. Therefore, the root is best defined as the non-leaf, non-nodes bearing parts of the plants body. However, important internal structural differences between stems and roots exist. The first root that comes from a plant is called the radical. The four major functions of roots are 1) absorption of water and inorganic nutrients, 2) anchoring of the plant body to the ground, and supporting it, 3) storage of food and nutrients, 4) vegetative reproduction. In response to the concentration of nutrients, roots also synthesis cytokine, which acts as a signal as to how fast the shoots can grow. Roots often function in storage Todd and nutrients. The roots of most vascular Lana species enter into symbiosis with certain fungi to form macrographs, and a large range to other organisms including bacteria also closely associate with roots, ANATOMY When dissected, the arrangement of the cells in a root is root hair, epidermis, pebble, cortex, endoderm, princely and lastly the vascular tissue in the centre of a root to transport the water absorbed by the root to other places of the plant. ROOT GROWTH Early root growth is one of the functions of the apical merited located near the tip Of the root. The merited cells more or less continuously divide, producing ore merited, root cap cells (these are sacrificed to protect the merited). And undifferentiated root cells. The latter become the primary tissues Of the root first undergoing elongation. A process that pushes the root tip forward in the growing medium. Gradually these cells differentiate and mature into specialized cells of the root tissues. There is correlation of roots using the process of plant perception to sense their physical environment to grow, including the sensory of light, Plant roots will generally grow n any direction where the correct environment to air, mineral nutrients and water exists to meet the plants needs. Roots will shy or shrink away from dry, or other poor soil conditions. Over time, given the right conditions, roots can crack foundations, snap water lines, and lift sidewalks, At germination, roots grow downward due to gravitations, the growth mechanism of plants that also causes the shoot to grow upward. .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece , .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .postImageUrl , .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece , .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:hover , .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:visited , .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:active { border:0!important; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:active , .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc2ea349855be7b89d8178262662d1ece:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Sewerage System In Malaysia Construction EssayIn some plants (such as ivy), the root actually clings to walls and structures. Growth from apical merits is known as primary Roth, which encompasses all elongation, Secondary growth encompasses all growth in diameter, a major component of woody plant tissues and many monody plants. Poor example, storage roots of sweet potato have secondary growth but are not woody. Secondary growth occurs at the lateral merits, namely the vascular cambium and cork cambium. The former forms secondary xylem and secondary phloem, while the latter forms the premiere. In plants with secondary growth, the vascular cambium, originating between the xylem and the phloem, forms a cylinder of tissue along the stem and root. The vascular cambium forms new cells on both the inside and outside Of the cambium cylinder, with those on the inside forming secondary xylem cells. And those on the outside forming secondary phloem cells. As secondary xylem accumulates, the girth (lateral dimensions) of the stem and root increases. As a result, tissues beyond the secondary phloem (including the epidermis and cortex, in many cases) tend to be pushed outward and are eventually sloughed off (shed). At this point, the cork cambium begins to form the premiere, consisting of protective cork cells containing Siberian. In roots, the cork cambium originates in the princely, a component tooth vascular cylinder. The vascular cambium produces new layers of secondary xylem annually. The xylem vessels are dead at maturity but are responsible tort most water transport through the vascular tissue in stems and roots, Types of roots A true root system consists of a primary root and secondary roots (or lateral roots). The diffuse root system: the primary root is not dominant; the whole root system is fibrous and branches in all directions. Most common in monocots. The main function of the fibrous root is to anchor the plant. Specialized roots The roots, or parts of roots, of many plant species have become specialized to serve adaptive purposes besides the two primary functions described in the introduction. Adventitious roots arise out-of-sequence from the more usual root formation of branches of a primary root, and instead originate from the stem, branches, leaves, or old woody roots. They commonly occur in monocots and photosphere, but also in many idiots, such as clover (Trillium), ivy (Header), strawberry (Fragile) and willow (Sails). Most aerial roots and stilt roots are adventitious. In some conifers adventitious roots can form the largest part Of the root system. Aerating roots (or knee root or knee or pneumaticss or Cypress knee): roots rising above the ground, especially above water such as in some mangrove genera (Vicinage, Exonerates). In some plants like Vicinage the erect roots have a large number of breathing pores for exchange of gases. Aerial roots: roots entirely above the ground, such as in My (Header) or in epiphytic orchids. They function as prop roots, as in maize or anchor roots or as the trunk n strangler fig, Contractile roots: they pull bulbs or corms of monocots, such as hyacinth and lily, and some taproots, such as dandelion, deeper in the soil through expanding radically and contracting longitudinally. They have a wrinkled surface. Coarse roots: Roots that have undergone secondary thickening and have a woody structure, These roots have some ability to absorb water and nutrients, but their main function is transport and to provide a structure to connect the smaller diameter, fine roots to the rest of the plant.

We R who we R by Ke$ha free essay sample

In Ke$has latest music video for the song WE R WHO WE R(even the text talk title attempts to be down with the kids) Ke$ha shows us exactly why there is a $ sign instead of an s in her stage name. The entire music video is basically an advert with Ke$ha singing occasionally. We are supposed, i assume, to not notice that while at a club the DJ is casually browsing the plenty of fish on line dating agency on their laptop. Then tequila revolucion takes centre stage. There are two camera shots of just the bottle sitting on the bar, then it being poured and drunk. This video is so commercial its ludicrous. I mean Ke$ha is hardly known for being an artist with integrity but this is an entirely new level. Im sure she and her company are making $ from this new advert, i mean video. We will write a custom essay sample on We R who we R by Ke$ha or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other than this Ke$ha half dances and mimes around the club and some flames come up behind her but to be honest the true stars of the video are tequila revolucion and plenty of fish dating agency. There is absolutely no subtlety in the way the products are presented. So my overall review of Ke$has video isnt too great im afraid, not that shell care mind, she can cry all the way to the bank.

Free Essays on Return to Paradise

Return to Paradise is a movie that has a great morality play. It uses the characters to force us to ask ourselves one question Is the life of a friend worth three years of your life? As Return to Paradise opens, we learn of three friends Sheriff (Vince Vaughn), Tony (David Conrad), and Lou (Joaquin Phoenix). They are spending their vacation together in Malaysia - smoking hash, having sex with exotic women, and enjoying the quiet life. Sheriff is a limo driver, Tony an architect, and Lou a self proclaimed tree hugger. As their vacation ends the three decide what to do. Sheriff and Tony decide to fly back to New York, but Lou wants to stay and help free orangutans. Two years later Sheriff and Tony are approached by a lawyer, Beth (Anne Heche), who tells them what happened to Lou right after they left. It turns out that Lou was caught with the hash and has been imprisoned for the last two years. Compounding this news is the fact that Lou has only seven days to live. The Malaysian government takes drugs seriously and they have sentenced Lou to death. The only thing that can save Lou is if both Sheriff and Tony go back to Malaysia and accept their responsibility with the drugs. In that case, Lou's life will be spared. If Sheriff and Tony return, they will have to spend three years in prison to complete this deal to save Lou. Writers Wesley Strick and Bruce Robinson have put together a tight and engrossing script. The script never strays into melodrama and focuses solely on the question of if these two friends will go back to save Lou. Kudos to cinematographer Reynaldo Villalobos, who shoots this film wonderfully. The film is shot with mostly grays, blacks, and whites. But, Villalobos skillfully slips in some bright colors to match the emotions of the characters onscreen. The cast is superb. Vaughn, who I last saw in the Lost World, is the staple for this film. His performance stands out. Vaughn plays Sheriff right on the money - a guy ... Free Essays on Return to Paradise Free Essays on Return to Paradise Return to Paradise is a movie that has a great morality play. It uses the characters to force us to ask ourselves one question Is the life of a friend worth three years of your life? As Return to Paradise opens, we learn of three friends Sheriff (Vince Vaughn), Tony (David Conrad), and Lou (Joaquin Phoenix). They are spending their vacation together in Malaysia - smoking hash, having sex with exotic women, and enjoying the quiet life. Sheriff is a limo driver, Tony an architect, and Lou a self proclaimed tree hugger. As their vacation ends the three decide what to do. Sheriff and Tony decide to fly back to New York, but Lou wants to stay and help free orangutans. Two years later Sheriff and Tony are approached by a lawyer, Beth (Anne Heche), who tells them what happened to Lou right after they left. It turns out that Lou was caught with the hash and has been imprisoned for the last two years. Compounding this news is the fact that Lou has only seven days to live. The Malaysian government takes drugs seriously and they have sentenced Lou to death. The only thing that can save Lou is if both Sheriff and Tony go back to Malaysia and accept their responsibility with the drugs. In that case, Lou's life will be spared. If Sheriff and Tony return, they will have to spend three years in prison to complete this deal to save Lou. Writers Wesley Strick and Bruce Robinson have put together a tight and engrossing script. The script never strays into melodrama and focuses solely on the question of if these two friends will go back to save Lou. Kudos to cinematographer Reynaldo Villalobos, who shoots this film wonderfully. The film is shot with mostly grays, blacks, and whites. But, Villalobos skillfully slips in some bright colors to match the emotions of the characters onscreen. The cast is superb. Vaughn, who I last saw in the Lost World, is the staple for this film. His performance stands out. Vaughn plays Sheriff right on the money - a guy ...

Dells Online Competitve Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Dells Online Competitve Strategy - Essay Example The objective of this paper is used Dell computers as a case study to explain how information systems can be used as a competitive strategy to respond to competitive forces, to improve its competitiveness, to achieve and sustain competitive advantage. The literature review is divided into 3 parts. The first part explains Porters competitive forces model. The second explains briefly the competitive strategies. The third part is used Porters value chain, model. The threat of new entrants depends on the degree of the barriers to entry. If the barriers to entry are high, the threat of entry will be low and vice versa. Consequently, in order to deter new entrants from coming into an industry, firms cultivate unique or capital-intensive resources that new firms cannot easily duplicate (Shin, 2001). The threat of substitute goods depends on the availability of alternative goods or services in the market. The more alternative goods or services in the market, the higher the threat of substitute good and the lower the market share and total revenue ascertained by the firms in the industry and vice versa. Therefore, in order to increase revenue and market, products will have to be unique and well differentiated. This force determines the level of control a supplier has over the price of its product. Since, the more alternative suppliers in the market, the lower the bargaining power of the suppliers and vice versa. Thus, in a market with few suppliers, a supplier is able to achieve the desired level of profit due to a significant

The UK Motor Car Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The UK Motor Car Market - Essay Example The UK motor market is controlled by the factors in the macro-environment, which are not in the control of the companies, and also by factors in the microenvironment, which can be usually controlled by the companies. Both these macro and micro factors can be collected and assessed in a detailed manner through certain analytical tools. So, this report will first conduct a STEEPLE analysis of the UK motor car market, evaluating aspects, which are important to car manufacturing organizations. Then the report will focus on the microeconomic environment, discussing UK motor market from the perspective of the product, labor and competition, and finally ending with examples of how HRM is practiced in car manufacturing organizations in line with these macro and micro aspects. When viewed from a socio-cultural perspective, cars and other forms of automobiles in the UK market are maximally seen as status symbols and as products that will boost one's image. Although all cars are for transportation, certain brands will have a high price tag, due to their power, efficiency features, technology and importantly their brand name. However, due to a slowdown in economic growth, many people â€Å"are waking up to the fact that owning† a costly branded car is â€Å"not the status symbol that it was once perceived to be.† (Milmo 2011). So, people are not buying cars particularly high branded cars that frequently, and this socio-cultural aspect could also be one of the reasons, why UK car sales fell for the 13th consecutive month. (Milmo 2011). Technology Updating and incorporating new and efficient technologies is a key aspect of car manufacturing. The consumers all over the world including UK are not only demanding a lot of features and comfortable ride, but importantly fuel efficiency. So, the automobile companies are investing and have to keep on investing heavily in R&D, particularly for the development of fuel efficient options. If this trend continues, it is expected that by 2015, 25% of the vehicles will be high technology cars like Hybrids and cars that run on alternate fuels (Frost and Sullivan 2010). The figure below clearly shows that America and European countries including UK will be the major drivers behind it. Fig 1: (Frost and Sullivan 2010). Ecological Carbon-dioxide emission from automobiles is considered to be the biggest polluter, damaging the natural environment. Thus, the manufacturers in the UK motor market are looking for alternative green technologies. These technologies include hybridization, mor e efficient powertrains and alternative fuels, so that â€Å"tailpipe emissions have zero impact on air quality emissions by 2030-2050.† (â€Å"UK publishes roadmap†, 2011). Another reason for adopting this option is the depleting oil reserves. Political Number of emission norms, are being set by the UK government to address the environmental concerns, thus allowing the political machinery to play a role in the macroeconomic environment. Actually, the European countries on the whole have also been passing emission norms (Euro 5 and 6 being the current standards) which the car manufacturers have to comply with. In addition to emission norms, governments impact companies in UK motor market through laws relating to mileage per gallon and importantly passenger safety laws. Legal As an extension of its political role, UK government has stipulated legal requirements that need to be fulfilled while

Starbucks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Starbucks - Assignment Example Secondly, before one leaves the premises there is a paper available for leaving opinions (Coffeehouse, n.d.). This way, the company is able to track its clientele’s needs and meet them accordingly. Starbucks organizes its shop as per the customer needs. Once inside, there are various seating spaces for persons ranging from one to five. Additionally, one is able to order for a drink from anywhere by simply pressing a button on the table. Starbucks has managed to maintain its competitive edge judging by the number of its ever-increasing clients despite the emergence of other players in the industry. Nonetheless, Starbucks ought to venture into sale of Mcfood in other countries and States. This is in a bid to fend off competition which could cause problems in the future if competitors capitalize on the company’s weaknesses. At Starbucks managerial control was not witnessed save for one case where the person in charge seemed to have say in almost everything. As to whether this company can maintain its profitability a time like this, the answer would be in affirmative. This is because many of its stores are doing well. Moreover, the invention by its top executive has enabled it to withstand tough competition from Costa coffee. Finally, the company has set high ethical standards where firstly, the staffs are prohibited against any undiplomatic to clients. Secondly, customer complaints are handled in a professional way without any arguments whatsoever (Coffeehouse,

Formations And Techniques In Soccer Physical Education Essay

Formations And Techniques In Soccer Physical Education Essay Different type of formations may be used depending on the skill of the opposite team but also whether the team is playing more attacking or defending. A 4-2-4-1 formation is a soccer formation with only one striker upfront. The striker is the player located highest up the field, his main task is to score goals for the team. Before we could analysis the 2 players in the case, we would like to look at some of the tips to be a good striker. A good striker must be able: Kick the ball in the goal (good at striking). A striker who can score goals on a regular basis will become important to his team. As a striker, he needs to learn to score with all different parts of the body. Shot on Site (aiming). In today game, scoring opportunities are so rare as compared to last time, so when the striker has the chances to shot, dont wait. In addition, good strikers must constantly running (good agility and speed), trying to create spaces and taking risks. It only takes one. Many strikers will beat players and create space for themselves, but yet hesitate to shoot in front of goal. Figure 1 below shows the no of times both the player score a goal, saved with 2 hands and blocked. Preliminary analyses from Figure 1, revealed that player B tends to score more goals (13) than player A (8), since the coach are looking for a striker, the ability to saved with 2 hands and blocked are not so important as compared to the ability to score. Figure 2 shows the no of chances both player A and B missed by shooting the ball wide away from the goal post, shooting the ball too high in front of goal post and missed a goal even in front of the goal post. As observed, player A tends to have higher misses (12) than player B (2), in terms of shooting the ball wide. The different of shooting the ball too high is not too great among the 2 players. In summary, as compared to player A, player B is a key returning scorer, who averaged a healthy 13 goals in the last season. His expertises on attack puts extreme stress on opposing defenses. He is sharp on the goal, seldom placed the ball wide. However, he tends to have some misses when he is near the goal post. The final choice: Player B to be selected. Figure 1 Players able to score Figure 2 Players not able to score Part B What is periodization? Periodization is defined as a process to structure the training program into phases, where athletes will train progressively and with variety. In general, a standard periodization plan consists of macro cycle (2-4 months), meso cycle (2-6 weeks) and micro cycle (5-7 days) which last for at least 12 months. Tudo Bompa is the man who improved the training system invented by the USSR, the improved periodization system stressed the importance of having different training stress throughout the year rather than to maintain a constant training plan. Using this method, Tudo Bopma has produced 11 medalists in various Olympics including 2 gold medals and 2 World championships for: track and field and rowing (Wikipedia, 2010). The importance and relevance of periodization in sports Many times, athletes are no longer motivated to train because they realized that their sport performance have not improved, no matter how hard they train hard. Having periodization is the way to change the athletes training program at regular intervals so that the athletes can work harder. Periodization can be applied to many various sport ranging from cycling, marathon, rowing and it can be used it on both male and female. Periodization training, in particular includes 7 different major components, they are technical, strength, power, speed, anaerobic, aerobic and mental. A study conducted for 34 women at the Human Performance Laboratory at Ball State University has proved that a periodized strength-training program can give better results than a non-periodized program The women in the periodized group have gained more in lean muscle, greater reductions in body fat and more strength gains than the non-periodized group after 12 weeks (Marx, J.O, 2001). Factors that affect periodization Periodization plan can be affected by several factors, these includes training stress and non training stress. Athletes undergo training or competition too intensively will usually become fatigue after sometimes. Fatigue is one of the factors that affect the athletics sport performance; hence coaches developing the periodization plan must includes management of fatigue also. Athletes are human after all, they will get sick and injured sometimes, when athletes are sick they are no longer able to continue and follow the periodization plan. Other non training stresses are: Lack of financial support from family or association, Lack of motivation from the athletes themselves, Social environment like countries at war, unrest, Too much travelling that causes sickness among some athletes. Description of the success of the periodization plan The success of the periodization plan is when all the athletes are able to complete all the competition that the coaches have planned, with no injuries and sickness, they are able to achieve their peak sport performance and win medals for the countries, clubs etc. Training plan for Mark Figure 1 Macro Cycle for 12 months for Mark in 2010 2011 Observations in relation to the skills, motor abilities and types of training in a training plan for Mark. According to Dr Ivan Astori (Dr Ivan Astori, 2010), a full knee reconstruction surgery is a major operation. Patients like Mark will experience high degree of pain after the operation and pain medication will be needed for the first 1 to 3 days. He will be able to sit in a chair and walk with crutches within 1 to 5 days. Mark will then undergo rehabilitation and physiotherapy till he is able to straighten out, flex and bend his knee. Next, he will be able to swim after 2 weeks of the surgery. After 2 to 3 months, the patient will be walking, biking and golfing, although running and jumping are discouraged. A full recovery to full strength is expected to take up 6 months. A successful soccer player like Mark, he needs to rely on the precise coordination of stability, agility and power production, hence during the periodization cycle, needs such as proprioceptive and kinesthetic awareness components must be heavily trained so to put him back into competitive level. In addition, footwork drills are also important for him because of the numerous quick and rapid changes in direction and speed that occur during the match. With all these in mind, a periodization plan that includes different frequency, different intensity, time of training and type of training like aerobic, anaerobic, speed, power, strength, technique, tactics, will need to plan for him. Specific objectives on the various phases of training/cycles in his training plan. A typical English Premier League season will start in Aug and ends in May next year, hence the periodization plan has to start in Sep and end til Jul when the new season starts in Aug. The periodization plan for Mark were broken into different meso level like General Preparation, Specific Preparation, Pre Competition, Competition, Recovery cycles as shown in figure 1 and also the different volume and intensity level. First, in the general preparation cycle which last for 5 months, since Mark is still recovering from his knee surgery, all the training will be concentrating on building his overall strength, improve his mental skill and aerobic level, but the level of intensity and volume must be maintained at low level (e.g. range 1 to 2, as shown in figure 2). The types of training could include swimming, cycling, weight training and slow jogging. All the training will be increased progressively from 1st to the 5th month without the comprised of the players injury. Second, in the specific preparation cycle which last for the next 5 months, Marks training will be concentrating on Speed, Power and Mental skill, however as compared to the previous 5 months, the intensity and volume will have to slightly increase by 1 tick. The job of training speed in soccer can be very complex and it must be planned properly. Here are some of the attributes that will make a better player: Speeding quickly off the mark Accelerating quickly over 10-15 yards Good speed endurance Fast possession of the ball Fastness of feet or agility Able to change direction quickly The ability to execute skills quickly Fast in thinking (Sporting Excellence Ltd, 2010) The types of training are as follow: At the start of a training session, speed training like speed drills that completed over short distances with rests can be conducted, e.g. 6 X 25 meters each (500 meters total) with 2.5 minutes rest between each rep. Soccer players must have the ability to maintain high levels of speed, even when tired, speed endurance e.g. run a long distance 150 yards at full intensity (90% 100%) with full recovery 15 minutes between each repetition. The types of Power training for Mark are weight training that includes high intensity, high weights and fast moving reps. The weight training will accomplish two of the main goals for the players; they are injury prevention and improved performance. Third, in the pre-competition and competition cycle which last for 1 month and 8 months respectively, emphasis should be given to technique, tactical, mental skill and anaerobic training. Technical training should include improving the skill of kicking, dribbling, passing, shooting, throw in and heading. The 2 major components of soccer tactics are how to attack and defend. Tactical drills are executed in training sessions to develop an understanding of the tactics to be used in the next games against the weaknesses of the opposition team. The most popular type of anaerobic training for soccer players is interval training. This helps the soccer players to develop strength through short bursts of speed in a variety of actions such as stopping, turning, and directional changes. Lastly, in the recovery cycle which last for at least 1 month, there are several methods can be apply to the players such as complete rest, like taking a 1 week break without any soccer training, go for massage, there are some positive effects of massage, these include relief of muscle fatigue and reduction of excessive swelling. Relaxation techniques can also improve the players ability to focus. Also, go to see a doctor for any physical damages to the players body. Figure 2 Volume Vs Intensity for the Macro Cycle Tapering Tapering is defined as the practice of reducing exercise in the days just before an important competition, tapering is used in many endurance sports, such as the marathon, athletics and swimming. A significant period of tapering like a week or more is essential for optimal performance. During tapering, volume, intensity, load of the training should be reduce so that the players can achieve peak performance during the game. Specific intervention strategies to improve Marks movement skills and fitness. The following are some of the strategies help to improve Marks movement skill and fitness: To build up the strength and endurance of his leg muscles, in particular doing weight training for quadriceps and hamstrings. The type of weight training for quadriceps are squats (3 sets of 15 reps), lunges (3 sets of 15 reps), leg extension, leg lifts , leg press and for hamstrings are leg curls, leg dead lift, lunges. To improve his cardiovascular conditioning, Marks need to move his body with his large muscle groups over a sustained period of time. these exercise can be cycling, swimming, jogging, circuit weight training.

Eliyahu M. Goldratts The Goal Essay -- Goldratt

The Goal Here are the principles behind the dramatic turnaround story in The Goal. The goal of a manufacturing organization is to make money. Jonah poses this as a question: "What is the goal?" and Rogo actually struggles with it for a day or two, but any manager or executive that can't answer that question without hesitation should be fired without hesitation. But then again, the goal isn't clear to everyone. One of the characters in the book, an accountant, responds to an offhand comment about the goal with a confused "The goal? You mean our objectives for the month?" That's sure to strike a chord with a lot of readers. At an operational level, measure your success toward the goal with these three metrics: Throughput - The rate at which the system generates money through sales. Inventory - The money that the system has invested in purchasing things which it intends to sell. Operational expense - The money the system spends in order to turn inventory into throughput. You could rephrase it this way - and someone does, a bit later in the book: Throughput - Goods out; the money coming in. Inventory - Materials in; the money currently inside the system. Operational expense - Effort in; the money going out. Obviously, your job is to minimize expense and inventory and maximize throughput. Adjust the flow of product to match demand. In particular, don't trim capacity to match demand. It's a standard cost-cutting procedure, sure. But you'll need that capacity later, if you're serious about increasing throughput. Find bottlenecks. If manufacturing is what's limiting your throughput, then the problem isn't that people aren't working hard enough. You have bottlenecks in your manufacturing processes that are holding up everything else. Find the bottlenecks and do everything you can to fix them. Increase their efficiency, even at the expense of efficiency in non-bottleneck places, because the efficiency of a bottleneck directly determines the efficiency of the entire process, all the way through final payment. In the book, a variety of steps are taken to "elevate" and circumvent the bottlenecks. This is where the results start showing up on the bottom line. Soon the plant can actually use information from the bottleneck to do an effective job of scheduling work and (for the first time) reliably predicting when orders w... ...deas in novel form. There were already a dozen essays or articles on manufacturing management paradigms; you couldn't sell those. Novels sell better than essays. They're more readable. Once you realize that managers will buy thousands of copies of a "business novel" and make it required reading for their subordinates, a novel is the only way to go. (Also, The Goal was originally intended as marketing for Goldratt's plant management software company.) My main objection to The Goal is that it's fiction. Rogo makes a few changes, and his problems miraculously go away. It just works. Granted, the policies seem like good sense. But the unrealistic points are glossed over. Maybe plant managers in real life have the authority to adopt dramatic changes in the way they operate, the way Rogo did. Maybe it's easy to convince your top accountant that all his models are wrong, even though you have no accounting experience yourself. Maybe the average plant has an IT department that can create new scheduling software out of thin air in a few days. Maybe not. Goldratt claims a lot of real-life plant managers say they've turned The Goal into a documentary. That's a book I haven't read yet. Eliyahu M. Goldratt's The Goal Essay -- Goldratt The Goal Here are the principles behind the dramatic turnaround story in The Goal. The goal of a manufacturing organization is to make money. Jonah poses this as a question: "What is the goal?" and Rogo actually struggles with it for a day or two, but any manager or executive that can't answer that question without hesitation should be fired without hesitation. But then again, the goal isn't clear to everyone. One of the characters in the book, an accountant, responds to an offhand comment about the goal with a confused "The goal? You mean our objectives for the month?" That's sure to strike a chord with a lot of readers. At an operational level, measure your success toward the goal with these three metrics: Throughput - The rate at which the system generates money through sales. Inventory - The money that the system has invested in purchasing things which it intends to sell. Operational expense - The money the system spends in order to turn inventory into throughput. You could rephrase it this way - and someone does, a bit later in the book: Throughput - Goods out; the money coming in. Inventory - Materials in; the money currently inside the system. Operational expense - Effort in; the money going out. Obviously, your job is to minimize expense and inventory and maximize throughput. Adjust the flow of product to match demand. In particular, don't trim capacity to match demand. It's a standard cost-cutting procedure, sure. But you'll need that capacity later, if you're serious about increasing throughput. Find bottlenecks. If manufacturing is what's limiting your throughput, then the problem isn't that people aren't working hard enough. You have bottlenecks in your manufacturing processes that are holding up everything else. Find the bottlenecks and do everything you can to fix them. Increase their efficiency, even at the expense of efficiency in non-bottleneck places, because the efficiency of a bottleneck directly determines the efficiency of the entire process, all the way through final payment. In the book, a variety of steps are taken to "elevate" and circumvent the bottlenecks. This is where the results start showing up on the bottom line. Soon the plant can actually use information from the bottleneck to do an effective job of scheduling work and (for the first time) reliably predicting when orders w... ...deas in novel form. There were already a dozen essays or articles on manufacturing management paradigms; you couldn't sell those. Novels sell better than essays. They're more readable. Once you realize that managers will buy thousands of copies of a "business novel" and make it required reading for their subordinates, a novel is the only way to go. (Also, The Goal was originally intended as marketing for Goldratt's plant management software company.) My main objection to The Goal is that it's fiction. Rogo makes a few changes, and his problems miraculously go away. It just works. Granted, the policies seem like good sense. But the unrealistic points are glossed over. Maybe plant managers in real life have the authority to adopt dramatic changes in the way they operate, the way Rogo did. Maybe it's easy to convince your top accountant that all his models are wrong, even though you have no accounting experience yourself. Maybe the average plant has an IT department that can create new scheduling software out of thin air in a few days. Maybe not. Goldratt claims a lot of real-life plant managers say they've turned The Goal into a documentary. That's a book I haven't read yet.